Xlib and X Protocol Test Suite
X Version 11 Release 6.1
Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
July 1992
Copyright © 1991, 1992
UniSoft Group Limited
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
1. Introduction
This document is a Programmers Guide to the X Test
Suite.
Instructions for installing and running the X Test Suite are
contained in the document "User Guide for the X Test
Suite". It is not necessary to read the Programmers
Guide in order to install and run the test
suite.
2. Purpose of this guide
The information in this section is designed to be used by a
programmer intending to review the source code in the
revised X Test Suite. It is also intended to be used by an
experienced programmer, familiar with the X Window System,
to modify or extend the X Test Suite to add additional
tests.
Before reading this document, it is necessary to read the
document "User Guide for the X Test Suite". This
is because the nomenclature used in this document is
explained in the "User Guide". Appendix F of that
document is a glossary, which explains the meaning of some
terms which may not be in common usage.
The directory structure used within the X Test Suite is
described further in "Appendix A - Contents of X
Version 11 Release 6.1" in the "User Guide".
You should be familiar with that appendix before reading
further.
3. Contents of this guide
The test set source files in the revised X Test Suite have
been developed in the format of a simple language, specially
produced as part of the test suite development project.
Files in the test suite which use this language have the
suffix ".m" and are known as dot-m files.
The syntax of this language is described in the next section
of this document entitled "Source file
syntax".
During the stage one review of the development project, it
was determined that there were some advantages in methods of
automatically generating source code for the tests from
templates. The dot-m file may be seen as a template for the
tests. At the same time, it was important that any utilities
associated with the code generation should be commonly
available or provided within the test suite.
For this reason, a utility mc has been provided to
convert dot-m files into C source code and produce Makefiles
automatically for the test set. The file formats which may
be produced are described in the section entitled
"Source file formats". Summaries of usage of the
utilies are given in appendices D-F.
As part of the test suite development, a number of
conventions were established to define how the syntax of
this language should be used in writing test sets. It is
useful to understand these conventions in order to
understand the structure of the existing tests. You
are
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
recommended to use the existing tests as a model,
and follow the same structure when modifying or extending
the X Test Suite. This is described in the section entitled
"Source file structure".
The test set structure has deliberately been kept as simple
as possible, and common functions have been developed in
libraries. The contents of these libraries is described in
the section entitled "Source file
libraries".
3.1 Typographical conventions used in this
document
The following conventions have been used in this
document:
1. Items appearing in angle brackets <> should be
substituted with a suitable value.
2. Items appearing in square brackets [] are
optional.
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
4. Source file syntax
It is a design requirement that the test code for each test
purpose has an associated description of what is being
tested (an assertion) and a description of the
procedure used to test it (a test strategy). All of
these items are contained in dot-m files, and programs are
used to extract the relevant parts. The utilies developed
for the purpose are outlined in appendices D-F, and the
format of the files they output is described in the section
entitled "Source file formats.
The format of a dot-m file consists of a number of sections
introduced by keywords. The sections of a dot-m file are as
follows:
1. A copyright notice.
2. A section introduced by the >>TITLE keyword. This
section defines the name of the function being tested and
its arguments.
The >>TITLE keyword, and the declaration and arguments
which follows it, are together known as the "title
section".
3. Optionally, there may be a section introduced by the
>>MAKE keyword. This section defines additional rules
for make beyond the default rules.
The >>MAKE keyword, and the text which follows it, are
together known as a "make section".
4. Optionally, there may be a section introduced by the
>>CFILES keyword. This section defines additional C
source files source files that should be compiled and linked
(together with the C source files produced by mc)
when building a test set.
5. Optionally, there may be a section introduced by the
>>EXTERN keyword. This section defines C source code
which will be in scope for all test purposes in the test
set.
The >>EXTERN keyword, and the source code which
follows it, are together known as an "extern
section".
6. For each test purpose in the test set, there will be a
section introduced by an >>ASSERTION keyword. These
sections each contain the text of an assertion for the
function being tested.
The >>ASSERTION keyword, and the text which follows
it, are together known as an "assertion
section".
7. An assertion section is normally followed by a section
introduced by a >>STRATEGY keyword, which is followed
by the strategy. This is a description of how the assertion
is tested.
The >>STRATEGY keyword, and the strategy which follows
it, are together known as a "strategy
section".
8. The strategy is always followed by a section introduced
by a >>CODE keyword, which is followed by a section of
C source code which will test whether the assertion is true
or false on the system being tested.
The >>CODE keyword, and the C source code which
follows it, are together known as a "code
section".
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
9. Optionally, the >>INCLUDE keyword
includes, from a file, one or more of the above sections, at
that point in the dot-m file. It terminates the previous
section.
The keywords introducing the sections are defined in detail
below.
There are also optional keywords which may appear anywhere
in a dot-m file:
1. The >>SET keyword sets options which apply in the
dot-m file.
2. The >># keyword introduces a comment in a dot-m
file.
The optional keywords are also defined in detail
below.
4.1 Title section - >>TITLE
4.1.1 Description
               >>TITLE <function> <section>
          This keyword must be used at the start  of  a  test  purposeimmediately after the copyright message.          It  may  be  followed  by  the  declaration of the data typereturned and the function arguments.   These  lines  may  beomitted  if  XCALL  is never used in any code section in thetest set.            1.  The line after >>TITLE should specify  the  data  typereturned.            2.  The  next  line  should specify the function call withany arguments.  This is no longer mandatory, since theinformation  is not used in the current version of mc.So the second line may be left completely blank.            3.  The following lines should specify the  arguments  andmay  set  them  to  any  expression (not necessarily aconstant expression).  Usually arguments  are  set  tothe return value of a function call, a global variableinserted by the  mc  utility,  or  a  global  variabledeclared in an >>EXTERN section.                Static  variables  will  be  created  to  match  thesearguments,   and   will   be   reset   as    specifiedautomatically  before  the start of each test purpose,by the function setargs() (described  in  the  sectionentitled "Source file formats").          4.1.2  Arguments            function  This is the name of the function in the X WindowSystem to be tested.  In the X Protocol tests itshould  be  the name of an X Protocol request oran X event.  In the Xlib tests it should be  thename of an Xlib function or an X event.                      The  XCALL  macro will invoke the named functionor macro (which should  be  in  Xlib)  with  thearguments   specified  on  the  lines  following>>TITLE.            section   This is the section of the X Test Suite in whichthis  particular  test set is stored.  It should
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be the name of a directory in
$TET_ROOT/tset. The section name is used in
formatting the assertions in the test set, and for output to
the journal file for reporting purposes. The section name
does not affect the building and execution of the
tests.
4.2 Make section - >>MAKE
4.2.1 Description
               >>MAKE
          This  keyword  may  be used anywhere in the dot-m file afterthe end of a section.          It should be followed by lines which will be copied into theMakefile  by  the  mc  utility,  when the Makefile is remadeusing the -m option.          The lines specified will be joined together  and  placed  inorder  before  the  first rule in the Makefile. In this way,the lines copied may contain  both  initialisation  of  Makevariables, and additional rules.          This  keyword should be used sparingly, since the additionalMakefile lines must be  consistent  with  the  rest  of  theMakefile (see later section entitled "Makefile").          These  lines  are designed to allow auxiliary programs to bemade by make (in addition to the  default  target  which  isTest).   For  example,  if  test  purposes  in  the test setexecute programs Test1 and Test2, which must also be  built,the  >>MAKE  keyword  can be followed by lines which specifyrules for building these executable programs.  This  can  bedone as follows:
               >>MAKE
               AUXFILES=Test1 Test2
               AUXCLEAN=Test1.o Test1 Test2.o Test2
               all: Test
               Test1 : Test1.o $(LIBS) $(TCMCHILD)
                    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ Test1.o $(TCMCHILD) $(LIBLOCAL) $(LIBS) $(SYSLIBS)
               Test2 : Test2.o $(LIBS) $(TCMCHILD)
                    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ Test2.o $(TCMCHILD) $(LIBLOCAL) $(LIBS) $(SYSLIBS)
          Notice that the default target Test is still made by the newdefault Make rule.  Also, notice that Test1  and  Test2  arenot  dependencies  for the all target. They are dependenciesfor Test.  (See the later section entitled "Makefile".)
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4.3 Additional source files - >>CFILES
4.3.1 Description
               >>CFILES <filename> ...
          This keyword may be used anywhere in the  dot-m  file  afterthe end of a section.          The  list  of  files  following the keyword are taken as thenames of C source files that should be compiled  and  linked(together  with  the  C  source  files  produced by mc) whenbuilding a test set.  This allows code  to  be  split  amongseveral files.          The only effect is to alter the Makefile that is produced bymmkf.          4.4  Extern section - >>EXTERN          4.4.1  Description
               >>EXTERN
          This keyword may be used anywhere in the  dot-m  file  afterthe end of a section.          It  should  be followed by lines of C source code which willbe copied into the C source file by the mc utility, when theC source code is remade.          These  lines will be copied unaltered into the C source filebefore the source code for the first test purpose.          This section is useful for including three types  of  sourcecode:            1.  static  variables  declarations  which  are  used by anumber of test purposes in the test set.            2.  static functions which are used by a  number  of  testpurposes in the test set.            3.  header file inclusions which are needed in addition tothe default header file inclusions  in  the  C  sourcecode.          4.5  Assertion section - >>ASSERTION          4.5.1  Description
               >>ASSERTION <test-type> [ <category> [<reason>] ]
          This keyword is used at the start of each test purpose.          It  should be followed by the text of the assertion which isa description of what is  tested  by  this  particular  testpurpose.          The  text  should not contain troff font change commands (orany  other  nroff/troff  commands).  This  is  because   the
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majority of nroff/troff commands will not be
understood by the ma utility. However, various
macros can be used to enable mapping of the format of
special text onto similar fonts to those used in the X
Window System documentation. These are described in appendix
B.
The keyword xname in the assertion text will be replaced by
mc with the name of the function under test
obtained from the >>TITLE keyword.
Unless the category argument specifies an extended
assertion, or the test-type is gc or
def, the assertion text must be followed by the
>>STRATEGY keyword, strategy section, >>CODE
keyword and code section. Refer to the description of the
category argument.
If the >>CODE keyword is missing, following the text
of an assertion which is not an extended assertion, the
mc utility will insert code to produce a result
code UNREPORTED for this test purpose when the test set is
executed.
4.5.2 Arguments
test-type
Good
This is a "good" test. The function under test is
expected to give a successful result.
By convention these assertions appear in the dot-m file
before all assertions with test-type Bad.
Bad
This is a "bad" test. The function under test is
expected to give an unsuccessful result under the conditions
that the test imposes.
By convention these assertions appear in the dot-m file
after all assertions with test-type Good.
The assertion text for many of these assertions is included
via the .ER keyword, described below.
gc
The assertion text states which gc components affect the
function under test. In this case the remaining arguments
are unused, and mc inserts into the C source file a
series of assertions, strategies and test code corresponding
to the gc components listed in the assertion text via the
macro
                                 .M gc-comp ,
                            or
                                 .M gc-comp .
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
The assertions, strategies and test code are
included, from files in the directory
$TET_ROOT/xtest/lib/gc.
The .M macro is used, since the gc components correspond to
structure members in a gc structure.
def
The assertion text is tested in the test for another
assertion. These assertions are often definitions of terms,
which cannot be tested in isolation, hence the abbreviation
"def". The remaining arguments are unused, and
mc inserts code into the C file to issue the result
code NOTINUSE, and issues a message stating that the
assertion is tested elsewhere.
category
This is the assertion category, modelled on the
                      corresponding  codes  in  the  document1 POSIX.3entitled "Test Methods for Measuring Conformanceto POSIX".  It is either A, B, C or D.                      If the assertion tests a conditional feature, itis categorised as type C or D, otherwise  it  iscategorised as type A or B.                      If  the  assertion is classified as an "extendedassertion" it is categorised as  type  B  or  D.Otherwise  it  is categorised as type A or C andis known as a "base assertion".
                                        Base Assertion   Extended Assertion
                   Required Feature           A                  B
                  Conditional Feature         C                  D
Tests are always required for base assertions.
Tests are not required for extended assertions, but should
be provided if possible. Extended assertions are used to
describe features that may be difficult to test.
In some cases partial testing may be performed for extended
assertions. An example is that it may be possible to test
that some specific common faults are not present. In this
the result code would be FAIL if an error is detected, or
UNTESTED if no failure is detected, but the assertion is
still not fully tested.
For this reason, the strategy and code sections are optional
for extended assertions. If they are not supplied,
mc will automatically generate source code to put
out a result code UNTESTED, with a message which describes
the reason. If they are supplied, they will override the
automatically generated sections.
Since there is not yet an equivalent document to POSIX.3 for
the X Window System then these codes are subject to change.
For example, an assertion classified as an "extended
assertion" (type B) might become a "base
assertion" (type A) if a test method is later
identified.
The following table lists the allowed test result codes for
each category.
                  Category   Allowed Result Codes
                     A       PASS, FAIL, UNRESOLVED
                     B       PASS, FAIL, UNTESTED, UNRESOLVED
                     C       PASS, FAIL, UNSUPPORTED, UNRESOLVED
                     D       PASS, FAIL, UNSUPPORTED, UNTESTED, UNRESOLVED
reason
In the case of extended assertions (category B or D) a
reason code must be supplied. These are the same as in
POSIX.3. A list of the reason codes, and the corresponding
text of the reason, are shown in appendix A.
4.6 Strategy section - >>STRATEGY
4.6.1 Description
               >>STRATEGY
          If the category of an assertion is A or C, this keyword mustbe used immediately after the assertion section.          If  the category of an assertion is B or D, this keyword maybe  optionally  be  used  immediately  after  the  assertionsection.          It   should   be  followed  by  the  strategy,  which  is  adescription of how the assertion is to be tested.          The text of the strategy is in free  format  sentences.   Itmay  contain the xname keyword, which is an abbreviation forthe name of the function under test.          The use of the XCALL keyword in the strategy section  as  anabbreviation  for  "Call xname" is discontinued, although inthis release, some occurrences remain.          4.7  Code section - >>CODE          4.7.1  Description
               >>CODE [<BadThing>]
          This keyword must be used  immediately  after  the  strategysection.          It  should  be followed by the C source code which will testthe assertion.          The C source code will be converted  by  mc  into  a  formatsuitable  for the use by the TET API.  The way in which thisis done is described in the section  entitled  "Source  fileformats".          A  blank  line  must  separate the declarations of automaticvariables in the test function  from  the  first  executablestatement.  There  must be no other blank lines within thesedeclarations.          The utility mc also expands the  XCALL  macro  to  call  thefunction  under  test, and to call library functions, beforeand after the function under test, to install and  deinstallerror  handlers  and flush pending requests to the X server.The way in which this is done is described  in  the  sectionentitled "Source file formats".          4.7.2  Arguments            BadThing                      This  is  an  optional  argument  to  the >>CODEmacro.                      If it is omitted, the  XCALL  macro  will  causecode  to be inserted to ensure that the functionunder test produces  no  X Protocol  error,  andissues  a  result  code  FAIL  if  an  error  isdetected.                      If it  is  set  to  the  symbolic  value  of  anX Window System error code, the XCALL macro willcause code to be inserted  to  ensure  that  thefunction  under  test  produces  that X Protocolerror, and issues a  result  code  FAIL  if  thewrong error, or no error, is detected.          4.8  Included section - >>INCLUDE          4.8.1  Description
               >>INCLUDE <filename>
          This  keyword  includes the contents of filename, which mustbe a file containing one or more sections in the dot-m  fileformat,  optionally  containing  a  copyright  header.   Thesections in the included file should produce a  valid  dot-mfile,  if  they  were  included  directly  at  the  point ofinclusion. The >>INCLUDE keyword  terminates  the  precedingsection - it cannot be used in the middle of a section.          The   included  sections  are  processed  at  the  point  ofinclusion when the C source code  is  generated  by  the  mcutility.          The  >>INCLUDE  keyword  is usually used when including testpurposes which are common to more than one  test  set.   The>>INCLUDE mechanism allows an entire test purpose (includingassertion, strategy and code sections) to be included.          The  >>INCLUDE  keyword  should  not  be  used  for   merelyincluding  common  functions  called  by  a  number  of testpurposes.  If the functions are common to  one  dot-m  file,they should be placed in an extern section. If the functionsare common to many test sets, they should be placed  in  oneof the X Test Suite libraries.
Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
4.9 Included errors - .ER
4.9.1 Description
               .ER [Bad]Access grab
               .ER [Bad]Access colormap-free
               .ER [Bad]Access colormap-store
               .ER [Bad]Access acl
               .ER [Bad]Access select
               .ER [Bad]Alloc
               .ER [Bad]Atom [val1] [val2] ... †
               .ER [Bad]Color
               .ER [Bad]Cursor [val1] [val2] ... †
               .ER [Bad]Drawable [val1] [val2] ... †
               .ER [Bad]Font bad-font
               .ER [Bad]Font bad-fontable
               .ER [Bad]GC
               .ER [Bad]Match inputonly
               .ER [Bad]Match gc-drawable-depth
               .ER [Bad]Match gc-drawable-screen
               .ER [Bad]Match wininputonly
               .ER [Bad]Name font
               .ER [Bad]Name colour
               .ER [Bad]Pixmap [val1] [val2] ... †
               .ER [Bad]Value <arg> [mask] <val1> [val2] ... ‡
               .ER [Bad]Window [val1] [val2] ... †
          † - these arguments are optional.          ‡ - the <arg> and at least <val1> argument must be supplied.The mask argument, and additional arguments, are optional.          Note - the Bad prefix is in each case optional.          This keyword causes mc to insert into the C source file  thetext of an assertion, and in some cases default strategy anddefault test code to test for the generation of a particularX Protocol error by an Xlib function.          In  some cases there is no strategy and code in the includedfile, because only the assertion is common  -  the  strategyand  code  sections  are  specific to each test purpose, andmust be provided immediately after the .ER keyword.          The default strategy and code sections (if included) may  beoverridden  by  sections in the dot-m file immediately afterthe .ER keyword.          Note that this  keyword  does  not  insert  the  >>ASSERTIONkeyword  -  this  must  appear  on  the  line  before .ER isinvoked. Thus  the  keyword  does  not  include  the  entireassertion section.          The assertion text, strategy and test code are included from
          ____________________
          1.
             Obtainable  from  Publication Sales, IEEE Service Center,
             P.O. Box 1331, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway,  NJ 08854-1331,
             (201) 981-0060
                                      - 9 -
Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
files in the directory
$TET_ROOT/xtest/lib/error.
The names of these files, and the assertion text in each
file, is shown in appendix C.
4.10 Set options - >>SET
4.10.1 Description
               >>SET startup <func_startup>
               >>SET cleanup <func_cleanup>
               >>SET tpstartup <func_tpstartup>
               >>SET tpcleanup <func_tpcleanup>
               >>SET need-gc-flush
               >>SET fail-return
               >>SET fail-no-return
               >>SET return-value <return_value>
               >>SET no-error-status-check
               >>SET macro [ <macroname> ]
               >>SET begin-function
               >>SET end-function
          These  options control how the mc utility converts the dot-mfile into a C source file.          Except where specifically stated, they may  appear  anywherein the dot-m file and apply from that point on, unless resetby a further >>SET keyword with the same first argument.          4.10.2  Arguments            startup                      The name of the function called before all  testpurposes  is  to  be set to func_startup (ratherthan the default, startup()).            cleanup                      The name of the function called after  all  testpurposes  is  to  be set to func_cleanup (ratherthan the default, cleanup()).            tpstartup                      The name of the function called before each testpurpose  is  to be set to func_tpstartup (ratherthan the default, tpstartup()).            tpcleanup                      The name of the function called after each  testpurpose  is  to be set to func_tpcleanup (ratherthan the default, tpcleanup()).            need-gc-flush                      When the XCALL macro is expanded, code  to  callthe     X Test     Suite     library    functiongcflush(display, gc) will be inserted after  thecode to call the function under test.            fail-return                      When  the  XCALL  macro is expanded, code to endthe test purpose will be inserted where an erroris reported (the default is to continue after anerror is reported).
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
fail-no-return
When the XCALL macro is expanded, no code to end the test
purpose will be inserted where an error is reported (this
reverses the effect earlier using >>SET
fail-return).
return-value
When the XCALL macro is expanded, and the Xlib function call
has return type Status, and the return value of
XCALL is not saved for testing in the calling code, code
will be inserted to report an error if the function under
test does not return <return_value>. (By default, when
the Xlib function call has return type Status, an
error is reported for assertions with test-type Good if the
return value is zero, and for assertions with test-type Bad
if the return value is non-zero).
no-error-status-check
When the XCALL macro is expanded, the default code to check
for X Protocol errors will not be inserted. The test purpose
can perform alternative checking after invoking XCALL. This
setting only applies up to the end of the current
section.
macro
There is a macro in an X Window System header file for which
a test set source file will be produced which uses identical
test purposes to the function under test. This is used to
automatically generate test purposes for the Display and
Screen information macros, which are identical to those for
the corresponding Xlib functions.
The macro name is set to <macroname> - the
default is the function argument in the
>>TITLE keyword, with the leading letter
‘X’ removed.
This option must be specified before the title
section of the dot-m file.
Note - this option may not be used for macros which have no
arguments.
begin-function
The name of an additional function called before each test
purpose, after tpstartup() and global function arguments are
initialised.
end-function
The name of an additional function called after each test
purpose, before tpcleanup().
4.11 Comment lines - >>#
4.11.1 Description
               >># <Comment text>
          This keyword specifies a one line  comment.  These  are  not
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intended to replace code comments in the code
section - in fact the mc utility does not copy
dot-m format comments to the C source file. Comments in the
dot-m file are used for higher level comments rather than
detailed comments. For example, comments are used to record
the history of the development of the dot-m file, to
preserve previous versions of assertions where necessary,
and to draw attention to unresolved problem
areas.
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5. Source file formats
This section describes the output from various utilities
which may be used to format the contents of a dot-m
file.
The code-maker utility mc builds C source files
from a dot-m file. Appendix D gives a usage summary.
The Makefile utility mmkf builds Makefiles from a
dot-m file. Appendix E gives a usage summary.
The assertion utility ma produces a list of
assertions from a dot-m file. Appendix F gives a usage
summary.
Instructions for building and installing the mc
utility are given in the "User Guide". When the
utility mc is built and installed, the utilities
mmkf and ma, which are links to the same
program mc differing only in name, are
automatically installed as well.
5.1 C files for standalone executable -
Test.c
The command
               mc -o Test.c stclpmsk.m
          produces a C file named Test.c.  This  may  be  compiled  toproduce   a   standalone   executable   file   named   Test.Instructions on building and executing the tests  are  givenin  the  "User Guide".  The Test.c files are not provided aspart of this  release,  but  are  built  automatically  whenbuilding the X Test Suite.          The  C  file  contains all of the interface code required toinvoke the test purposes from the TET and a  description  ofthe  assertion being tested is placed as a comment above thecode for each test purpose to make  it  easy  to  understandwhat is being tested.          The  remaining  parts of this section describe the format ofthe Test.c files in more detail. The descriptions are in theorder in which the text is inserted into the Test.c file.          Some  parts of the Test.c file are constructed by copying intemplate files specifically written to work with mc.   Thesefiles     are     all     located     in    the    directory$TET_ROOT/xtest/lib/mc.          5.1.1  Copyright header          A copyright header is inserted as a C source comment  block.This  will  contain  lines  showing the SCCS versions of thedot-m file and any included files.          5.1.2  SYNOPSIS section          A synopsis defining the  arguments  of  the  function  beingtested  is  inserted  as  a C source comment block.  This isconstructed from the lines following the >>TITLE keyword  inthe  dot-m file.  It includes the data type returned and anyarguments to the function.          The synopsis section  is  omitted  if  there  are  no  linesfollowing the the >>TITLE keyword.          For example:
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               /*
                * SYNOPSIS:
                *   void
                *   XSetClipMask(display, gc, pixmap)
                *   Display *display;
                *   GC gc;
                *   Pixmap pixmap;
                */
          5.1.3  Include files          For the Xlib tests, when the section argument to the >>TITLEkeyword is other than  XPROTO,  the  contents  of  the  filemcinclude.mc are then included.          In this release the contents of this file are as follows:
               #include  <stdlib.h>
               #include  "xtest.h"
               #include  "Xlib.h"
               #include  "Xutil.h"
               #include  "Xresource.h"
               #include  "tet_api.h"
               #include  "xtestlib.h"
               #include  "pixval.h"
          For  the  X Protocol tests, when the section argument to the>>TITLE  keyword  is  XPROTO  the  contents  of   the   filemcxpinc.mc are then included.          In this release the contents of this file are as follows:
               #include  <stdlib.h>
               #include  "xtest.h"
               #include  "tet_api.h"
          5.1.4  External variables          For the Xlib tests, when the section argument to the >>TITLEkeyword is other than  XPROTO,  the  contents  of  the  filemcextern.mc are then included.          In this release the contents of this file are as follows:
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               extern    Display  *Dsp;
               extern    Window   Win;
               extern    Window   ErrdefWindow;
               extern    Drawable ErrdefDrawable;
               extern    GC       ErrdefGC;
               extern    Colormap ErrdefColormap;
               extern    Pixmap   ErrdefPixmap;
               extern    Atom     ErrdefAtom;
               extern    Cursor   ErrdefCursor;
               extern    Font     ErrdefFont;
          The  external variables are defined in the file startup.c or(when linking a program executed via tet_exec()) in the fileex_startup.c.          For  the  X Protocol tests, when the section argument to the>>TITLE  keyword  is  XPROTO  the  contents  of   the   filemcxpext.mc are then included.          In this release this file is empty.          5.1.5  Test set symbol and name          A symbol is defined indicating the function under test.          For example:
               #define T_XSetClipMask   1
          You  may  use  this in a #ifdef control line, to distinguishspecial cases for particular functions in code sections of adot-m file included via the >>INCLUDE keyword.          The  global  variable TestName is initialised to the name ofthe function under test,  which  is  the  function  argumentgiven to the >>TITLE keyword.          For example:
               char    *TestName = "XSetClipMask";
          You  can  use  this within a code section of a dot-m file toobtain the name of the function under test.          5.1.6  Definitions for arguments          Symbols are defined to correspond with any arguments to  thefunction specified in the >>TITLE keyword.          These  correspond to the lines following the >>TITLE keywordin the dot-m file.          For example:
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               /*
                * Defines for different argument types
                */
               #define A_DISPLAY display
               #define A_GC gc
               #define A_PIXMAP pixmap
               #define A_DRAWABLE pixmap
          These are used by the code in  various  included  files,  tosubstitute  a symbol representing a particular argument typewith the  actual  variable  used  as  the  argument  by  thefunction under test.          5.1.7  Static variables          Static   variables   are  defined  to  correspond  with  anyarguments to the function specified in the >>TITLE  keyword.          These  correspond to the lines following the >>TITLE keywordin the dot-m file.          For example:
               /*
                * Arguments to the XSetClipMask function
                */
               static Display *display;
               static GC gc;
               static Pixmap pixmap;
          These are the arguments that will be passed to the  functionunder test when the XCALL macro is expanded.          You  can  initialise these in a code section of a dot-m fileas required prior to invoking the macro XCALL.          These variables will be initialised at  the  start  of  eachtest purpose using the function setargs() described below inthe section entitled "Initialising arguments".          5.1.8  Test purpose number          You can use this within a code section of a  dot-m  file  toobtain the number of the current test purpose.
               int     tet_thistest;
          5.1.9  Initialising arguments          A  function setargs() is defined to initialise the argumentsto the function under test.          Code to call this function is inserted at the start of  eachtest purpose before the code you put in the code section.          The  arguments  are  initialised  to  have  the value of theexpression you specified in the title section. This does nothave  to  be a constant expression - for example, it my be a
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return value of a function in a library or extern
section. By default arguments are initialised to zero
values.
For example:
               /*
                * Called at the beginning of each test purpose to reset the
                * arguments to their initial values
                */
               static void
               setargs()
               {
                    display = Dsp;
                    gc = 0;
                    pixmap = 0;
               }
          5.1.10  Initialising arguments when test-type is Bad          A  function seterrdef() is defined to initialise some of thearguments to the function under test  to  values  which  aresuitable for conducting the included error tests.          This  is  called  in  some  of  the  included error tests toinitialise the arguments to known good values.          For example:
               /*
                * Set arguments to default values for error tests
                */
               static void
               seterrdef()
               {
                    gc = ErrdefGC;
                    pixmap = ErrdefPixmap;
               }
          5.1.11  Code sections          The code sections in the dot-m file  are  converted  into  asequence  of  functions  named  tnnn(), where nnn is a threedigit  number  which  is  filled  with  leading   zeros   ifnecessary,  the  first code section being named t001(). Thisis known as a "test function".          Each of the test functions is preceded by the  correspondingassertion  for the test purpose, in a C source code comment,labelled with the test purpose number.          Code to call the library function tpstartup() is inserted atthe  start  of  the  test  function,  immediately  after anyautomatic variables declared in  your  code  section.   Thisfunction  performs  initialisation  required  for  each testpurpose, including setting error handlers to trap unexpectederrors.          Code  to  call the automatically generated test-set specificfunction  setargs()  is  then  inserted.  This  function  is
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described further in the previous section
entitled "Initialising arguments".
The contents of your code section are then inserted.
The macro XCALL in a dot-m file is expanded to call the
function under test with arguments corresponding to the
lines following the >>TITLE keyword.
For example:
                    XCALL;
          is by default expanded to
                    startcall(display);
                    if (isdeleted())
                         return;
                    XSetClipMask(display, gc, pixmap);
                    endcall(display);
                    if (geterr() != Success) {
                         report("Got %s, Expecting Success", errorname(geterr()));
                         FAIL;
                    }
          The stages in this expansion are as follows:            1.  The library function startcall() is  called  to  checkfor  any  outstanding  unexpected  X  protocol errors,which might have been generated, for  example,  duringthe setup part of the test.  A call to XSync() is madeto achieve this.            2.  The library function startcall() installs a test errorhandler  in  place  of the unexpected X protocol errorhandler.            3.  The library function isdeleted() returns True  if  thetest   purpose   has  already  issued  a  result  codeUNRESOLVED due to an earlier call to delete().   (Thismust be done after calling startcall() in case XSync()flushed an unexpected X protocol error.)            4.  The function  under  test  is  then  called  with  thearguments listed in the title section.            5.  The  library function endcall() is called to check forany X protocol errors caused  by  the  function  undertest.  A call to XSync() is made to achieve this.            6.  The library function endcall() installs the unexpectedX protocol error handler.            7.  The test error handler saves the number  of  the  mostrecent  X  protocol  error.  It is accessed by callingthe function geterr() and the value  is  checked.  Thevalue  is  expected  to  be  Success  by  default,  orBadThing if the code section  was  introduced  in  thedot-m file by
                     >>CODE BadThing
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If it is desirable to skip checking the error
status at this point, the option
                     >>SET no-error-status-check
                may be inserted in the dot-m file in the current  codesection  before  the XCALL.  This setting only appliesup to the end of the current section.          5.1.12  TET initialisation code          The mc utility adds a reference  to  the  function  into  anarray of functions which can be invoked via the TET API.          For example:
               struct tet_testlist tet_testlist[] = {
                    t001, 1,
                    t002, 2,
                    t003, 3,
                    NULL, 0
               };
          Code  to  calculate  the number of test purposes in the testset is inserted as follows:
               int  ntests = sizeof(tet_testlist)/sizeof(struct tet_testlist)-1;
          Finally, the names of the startup and cleanup functions  areused  to  initialise  variables  used by the TET API.  Thesefunctions are called before the first test purpose and afterthe   last  test  purpose.   The  functions  called  can  beoverridden  using  the  options  >>SET  startup  and   >>SETcleanup.          The   default   library   functions  perform  initialisationincluding  reading  the  TET  configuration  variables   andopening a default client.          Should   you   override  the  default  startup  and  cleanupfunctions, you are recommended  to  call  startup()  as  thefirst  line  of  your  startup function and cleanup() as thelast line of your cleanup function.
               void (*tet_startup)() = startup;
               void (*tet_cleanup)() = cleanup;
          5.2  C files for standalone executable in macro tests -MTest.c          When the dot-m file contains the line
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               >>SET macro
          the command
               mc -m -o MTest.c scrncnt.m
          produces a C file named MTest.c.  This may  be  compiled  toproduce   a   standalone   executable   file   named  MTest.Instructions on building and executing the tests  are  givenin  the "User Guide".  The MTest.c files are not provided aspart of this  release,  but  are  built  automatically  whenbuilding the X Test Suite.          The file MTest.c is identical to the file Test.c except thata macro (which is expected to be made visible  by  includingthe  file  Xlib.h)  is  tested  instead of the Xlib functionnamed in the title section of the dot-m file.          The macro name is set to the  <macroname>  argument  of  the>>SET  macro  option  - if there is no >>SET macro option inthe file, or no  argument  specified,  the  default  is  thefunction  argument  in the >>TITLE keyword, with the leadingletter ‘X’ removed.          5.3  C files for linked executable - link.c          The command
               mc -l -o link.c stclpmsk.m
          produces a C file named link.c.  This is  identical  to  theTest.c  file  with  the exception of the initialisation codewhich enables the source code to be compiled and linked intoa  space-saving executable file.  This is an executable filewhich may invoke any of the test  purposes  in  the  variouslink.c  files,  thereby  reducing  the  number of executablefiles required, and saving space.  The link.c files are  notprovided   as   part   of   this   release,  but  are  builtautomatically when building the X Test Suite.          The remaining parts of this section describe the differencesin format of the link.c and Test.c files.          The  differences  are associated with the TET initialisationcode being in a separate source file named linktbl.c, ratherthan in the test set source file.          A  linktbl.c file is provided for each section of the X TestSuite in each subdirectory  of  $TET_ROOT/xtest/tset.   Thisfile  contains a pointer to an array of linkinfo structures,one for  each  test  set  in  the  section.   Each  linkinfostructure contains the following items:          name                a  unique  name  for  that test set (thename of the test set directory).          testname            the actual Xlib function tested  by  thetest set.
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ntests the number of test
purposes in the test set.
testlist a pointer to the array of test functions
constructed for that test set from the contents of the
link.c file.
localstartup a pointer to the startup function specific
to that test set.
localcleanup a pointer to the cleanup function specific
to that test set.
Later in this section there are example values of these
structure members.
When the space-saving executable is executed, the TET
initialisation code in the library function
linkstart.c determines which test set is required.
This is done by matching argv[0] with a
name element in the array of linkinfo
structures. The test functions specified by the
corresponding testlist element of the
linkinfo structure are then executed, preceded and
followed by the corresponding startup and cleanup function
respectively.
5.3.1 Test set symbol and name
The global variable TestName is made
static.
               static char    *TestName = "XSetClipMask";
          5.3.2  Test purpose number          This is defined in linktbl.c, and is made available via  thefollowing code:
               extern int    tet_thistest;
          5.3.3  TET initialisation code          The global variable tet_testlist is made static.          For example:
               static struct tet_testlist tet_testlist[] = {
                    t001, 1,
                    t002, 2,
                    t003, 3,
                    NULL, 0
               };
          The global variable ntests is made static.
               static int    ntests = sizeof(tet_testlist)/sizeof(struct tet_testlist)-1;
          The linkinfo structure specific to this test set is defined.
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
For example:
               struct linkinfo EXStClpMsk = {
                     "stclpmsk",
                     "XSetClipMask",
                     &ntests,
                     tet_testlist,
                     0,
                     0,
               };
          The TET variables for the startup and cleanup functions  aredefined  in  linktbl.c,  and  are  made  available  via  thefollowing code:
               extern void   (*tet_startup)();
               extern void   (*tet_cleanup)();
          5.4  C files for linked executable in macro tests - mlink.c          When the dot-m file contains the line
               >>SET macro
          the command
               mc -m -l -o mlink.c scrncnt.m
          produces a C file named mlink.c.  The mlink.c files are  notprovided   as   part   of   this   release,  but  are  builtautomatically when building the X Test Suite.          The file mlink.c is identical to  the  file  link.c,  exceptthat  a  macro  (which  is  expected  to  be made visible byincluding the file Xlib.h) is tested  instead  of  the  Xlibfunction named in the title section of the dot-m file.          The  macro  name  is  set to the <macroname> argument of the>>SET macro option - if there is no >>SET  macro  option  inthe  file,  or  no  argument  specified,  the default is thefunction argument in the >>TITLE keyword, with  the  leadingletter ‘X’ removed.          5.5  Makefile          The command
               mmkf -o Makefile scrncnt.m
          produces  a  Makefile  which  can be used to build all the C
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source files described in the previous sections
and to build the test executables from the C files.
Further instructions appear in the "User Guide" in
the section entitled "Building, executing and reporting
tests without using the TET".
The Makefiles produced by mc are portable in that
they use symbolic names to describe commands and parameters
which may vary from system to system. The values of these
symbolic names are all obtained by a utility pmake
from the build configuration file, which is described in the
"User Guide" in the section entitled
"Configuring the X Test Suite".
The targets in the Makefile which can be invoked by
pmake are as follows:
pmake Test
Builds standalone executable version of the test
set.
pmake Test.c
Builds Test.c using mc with the format
described in the earlier section entitled "C files for
standalone executable - Test.c".
pmake MTest
Builds standalone executable version of the test set to test
the macro version of the function.
pmake MTest.c
Builds MTest.c using mc with the format
described in the earlier section entitled "C files for
standalone executable - MTest.c".
pmake linkexec
Builds the object files and links which can be used to
produce a linked executable file. These targets are used
when building space-saving executables as described in the
"User Guide".
pmake link.c
Builds link.c using mc with the format
described in the earlier section entitled "C files for
linked executable - link.c".
pmake mlink.c
Builds mlink.c using mc with the format
described in the earlier section entitled "C files for
linked executable - mlink.c".
pmake clean
This removes object files and temporary files from the test
set directory.
pmake clobber
This removes object files and temporary files from the test
set directory and additionally removes all the source files
which mc can remake.
The remaining parts of this section describe the format of
the Makefiles in more detail.
Refer to the section entitled "Make section -
>>MAKE" for examples of how the variables
AUXFILES and AUXCLEAN may be
set.
5.5.1 Copyright header
A copyright header is inserted as a comment block. This will
contain lines showing the SCCS versions of the dot-m
file
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and any included files.
5.5.2 Make variables
A series of make variables are initialised to
represent the names of the source, object and executable
files.
               SOURCES=scrncnt.m
               CFILES=Test.c
               OFILES=Test.o
               MOFILES=MTest.o
               LOFILES=link.o mlink.o
               LINKOBJ=scrncnt.o
               LINKEXEC=scrncnt
          5.5.3  Targets for X Protocol tests          For the X Protocol tests, when the section argument  to  the>>TITLE   keyword   is  XPROTO  the  contents  of  the  filemmxpinit.mc are then included.          This file initialises various  make  variables  to  specificvalues for the X Protocol tests.          In this release the contents of this file are as follows:
               #
               # X Protocol tests.
               #
               # CFLAGS - Compilation flags specific to the X Protocol tests.
               #
               CFLAGS=$(XP_CFLAGS)
               SYSLIBS=$(XP_SYSLIBS)
               LIBS=$(XP_LIBS)
               # LINTFLAGS - Flags for lint specific to the X Protocol tests.
               #
               LINTFLAGS=$(XP_LINTFLAGS)
               LINTLIBS=$(XP_LINTLIBS)
          5.5.4  Targets for standalone executable - Test          The contents of the file mmsa.mc are included. These are thetargets to create the standalone executable file Test.
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               #
               # Build a standalone version of the test case.
               #
               Test: $(OFILES) $(LIBS) $(TCM) $(AUXFILES)
                    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OFILES) $(TCM) $(LIBLOCAL) $(LIBS) $(SYSLIBS)
               Test.c: $(SOURCES)
                    $(CODEMAKER) -o Test.c $(SOURCES)
          5.5.5  Targets for standalone executable - MTest          If the dot-m file  contains  the  >>SET  macro  option,  thecontents  of  the  file mmmsa.mc are included. These are thetargets to create the standalone executable file  MTest  forthe macro version of the specified Xlib function.
               #
               # Build a standalone version of the test case using the macro version
               # of the function.
               #
               MTest: $(MOFILES) $(LIBS) $(TCM) $(AUXFILES)
                    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(MOFILES) $(TCM) $(LIBLOCAL) $(LIBS) $(SYSLIBS)
               MTest.c: $(SOURCES)
                    $(CODEMAKER) -m -o MTest.c $(SOURCES)
          5.5.6  Targets for linked executable          The  contents of the file mmlink.mc are included.  These arethe targets to create object files and links  which  can  beused to produce a linked executable file.  These targets areused when building space-saving executables as described  inthe "User Guide".
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               #
               # A version of the test that can be combined together with
               # all the other tests to make one executable.  This will save a
               # fair amount of disk space especially if the system does not
               # have shared libraries.  Different names are used so that
               # there is no possibility of confusion.
               #
               link.c: $(SOURCES)
                    $(CODEMAKER) -l -o link.c $(SOURCES)
               # Link the objects into one large object.
               #
               $(LINKOBJ): $(LOFILES)
                    $(LD) $(LINKOBJOPTS) $(LOFILES) -o $(LINKOBJ)
               # Link the object file into the parent directory.
               #
               ../$(LINKOBJ): $(LINKOBJ)
                    $(RM) ../$(LINKOBJ)
                    $(LN) $(LINKOBJ) ..
               # Make a link to the combined executable.
               #
               $(LINKEXEC): ../Tests
                    $(RM) $(LINKEXEC)
                    $(LN) ../Tests $(LINKEXEC)
               ../Tests: ../$(LINKOBJ)
               linkexec:: $(LINKEXEC) $(AUXFILES) ;
          5.5.7  Targets for linked executable - macro version          If  the  dot-m  file  contains  the  >>SET macro option, thecontents of the file mmmlink.mc are included.  These are thetargets  to  create  object  files  and  links for the macroversion of the specified Xlib function which can be used  toproduce  a  linked  executable file.  These targets are usedwhen building space-saving executables as described  in  the"User Guide".
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               # A version of the test that can be combined with all the other tests for
               # the macro version of the function.
               #
               mlink.c: $(SOURCES)
                    $(CODEMAKER) -m -l -o mlink.c $(SOURCES)
               linkexec:: m$(LINKEXEC) $(AUXFILES) ;
               m$(LINKEXEC): ../Tests
                    $(RM) m$(LINKEXEC)
                    $(LN) ../Tests m$(LINKEXEC)
          5.5.8  Targets for libraries          For the Xlib tests, when the section argument to the >>TITLEkeyword is other than  XPROTO,  the  contents  of  the  filemmlib.mc are then included.          In this release the contents of this file are as follows:
               #
               # This part of the makefile checks for the existance of the libraries
               # and creates them if necessary.
               #
               # The xtestlib is made if it doesn’t exist
               #
               $(XTESTLIB):
                    cd $(XTESTROOT)/src/lib; $(TET_BUILD_TOOL) install
               # The fontlib is made if it doesn’t exist
               #
               $(XTESTFONTLIB):
                    cd $(XTESTROOT)/fonts; $(TET_BUILD_TOOL) install
          For  the  X Protocol tests, when the section argument to the>>TITLE  keyword  is  XPROTO  the  contents  of   the   filemmxplib.mc  are  then  included.  This  file is identical tommlib.mc except for the following additional lines:
               # The X Protocol test library is made if it doesn’t exist
               #
               $(XSTLIB):
                    cd $(XTESTROOT)/src/libproto; $(TET_BUILD_TOOL) install
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5.5.9 Targets for cleaning and linting
The contents of the file mmmisc.mc are then
included.
This file includes a clean target to remove object
files and temporary files, and a clobber target
which additionally removes all the source files which
mc can remake.
There is also a LINT target which enables the C
source files to be checked against lint libraries specified
in the build configuration file.
               #
               # Miscellaneous housekeeping functions.
               #
               # clean up object and junk files.
               #
               clean:
                    $(RM) Test $(OFILES) $(LOFILES) $(LINKOBJ) $(LINKEXEC) core\
                         MTest m$(LINKEXEC) $(MOFILES) CONFIG Makefile.bak $(AUXCLEAN)
               # clobber - clean up and remove remakable sources.
               #
               clobber: clean
                    $(RM) MTest.c Test.c mlink.c link.c Makefile
               # Lint makerules
               #
               lint: $(CFILES)
                    $(LINT) $(LINTFLAGS) $(CFILES) $(LINTTCM) $(LINTLIBS)
               LINT:lint
          5.5.10  Targets for building known good image files          The contents of the file mmpgen.mc are then included.          These include targets which enable the test set to be  builtso that it generates known good image files.          These  are  not  intended to be used outside the developmentenvironment at UniSoft.
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               #
               # Pixel generation makerules for generating the reference
               # known good image files.
               #
               PVOFILES=pvtest.o
               pvgen: $(PVOFILES) $(PVLIBS) $(TCM)
                    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(PVOFILES) $(TCM) \
                    $(PVLIBS) $(SYSLIBS) $(SYSMATHLIB)
               pvtest.o: pvtest.c
                    cc -c -DGENERATE_PIXMAPS $(CFLAGS) pvtest.c
               pvtest.c: Test.c
                    $(RM) pvtest.c; \
                    $(LN) Test.c pvtest.c
          5.5.11  Targets for included files          Rules are included to specify the dependency of the C sourcefiles on any included files.          For example:
               Test.c link.c: $(XTESTLIBDIR)/error/EAll.mc
               Test.c link.c: $(XTESTLIBDIR)/error/EGC.mc
               Test.c link.c: $(XTESTLIBDIR)/error/EPix.mc
          5.6  Formatting assertions          The command
               ma -o stclpmsk.a -h -m stclpmsk.m
          produces  in  the  file  stclpmsk.a a list of the assertionsfrom the assertion sections of  the  specified  dot-m  file.The  assertions  are output in nroff format. All macros usedin the assertion text can be obtained using the  -h  and  -soptions as described below.          The  remaining  parts  of  this  section describe the outputformat in more detail.          5.6.1  Copyright header          A copyright header is output  as  an  nroff  comment  block.
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This will contain lines showing the SCCS versions
of the dot-m file and any included files.
5.6.2 Macro definitions
If the -h option was specified, macros that are later used
in the assertion text will be output from the file
maheader.mc.
5.6.3 Title
The line
               .TH <function> <section>
          is output, where <function> and <section> are obtained  fromthe title section of the dot-m file.          The  default  macro definition for .TH in maheader.mc causesthe section and function name to be printed at  the  top  ofeach page.          5.6.4  Assertions          For each assertion section, the line
               .TI <category> \" <function>-n
          is  output,  where  <category>  is  obtained from the secondargument  of  the  >>ASSERTION  keyword  and  <function>  isobtained  from the title section of the dot-m file, and n isthe number of the assertion in the test set.          This is followed by the assertion text  in  which  xname  isconverted to <function>.  For example:
               .TI A \" XSetClipMask-1
               A call to
               .F XSetClipMask
               sets the
               .M clip_mask
               component of the specified GC to the value of the
               .A pixmap
               argument.
          The  other macros used in the assertion text to control fontchanges are described in appendix B.          The default macro definition for .TH in  maheader.mc  causesthe example assertion to be printed as follows:
                      Assertion XSetClipMask-1(A).
                      A call to XSetClipMask sets the clip_mask component of the
                      specified GC to the value of the pixmap argument.
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6. Source file structure
This section describes the C source coding style and
conventions which which have been used in the development of
the revised X Test Suite. These conventions apply to the
structure of the code sections of the dot-m files, whose
overall structure is defined in previous sections of the
Programmers Guide. In some cases (particularly in the
structure of the X Protocol tests) the style and conventions
have been deleloped from the earlier T7 X Test Suite.
You are advised to study the contents of this section before
attempting to modify or extend the X Test Suite. The
contents of this section will give you guidelines on how to
structure the test code so that it is easy to follow, gives
correct and reliable information when the tests are
executed, and is written as compactly as possible.
Libraries of common functions have been used and further
developed in the revised X Test Suite in order to keep the
source code in the test sets as compact as possible. The
rest of this section describes recommendations on how
particular library functions should be used. It does not
describe the contents of the libraries in detail. A complete
list of library contents is provided in the section entitled
"Source file libraries".
During the development of the Xlib tests, a library of
support functions has been developed. This library includes
functions for performing common operations required when
testing the X Window System, as well as performing common
reporting operations. This library includes a small number
of functions developed for the Xlib tests within the T7 X
Test Suite. This library is known as the "X test suite
library" in this document, and the source of the
library is in the directory
$TET_ROOT/xtest/src/lib.
Calls to any function in this library may be made by any
test set in the X Test Suite.
6.1 Structure of the Xlib tests
This section describes the structure of the code sections of
the Xlib tests.
The Xlib tests are the tests for sections 2 to 10 of the
X11R4 Xlib specifications. They are stored in subdirectories
of the directories CH02 to CH10 (which are
to be found in the directory $TET_ROOT/xtest/tset).
There is a subdirectory for each Xlib function containing a
dot-m file which includes all the test purposes provided for
that Xlib function. The naming scheme which is used for
these directories is described in appendix B of the
"User Guide".
6.1.1 Result code macros
It is good practice where possible to structure the test so
that only one test result code is assigned before the code
section returns or ends.
The significance of the various test result codes that may
be assigned are described more fully in appendix D of the
"User Guide".
The following macros may be used to assign the test
result
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code. These macros call the function
tet_result() which is part of the TET API.
PASS
This assigns test result code PASS.
FAIL
This assigns test result code FAIL.
UNRESOLVED
This assigns test result code UNRESOLVED.
UNSUPPORTED
This assigns test result code UNSUPPORTED.
UNTESTED
This assigns test result code UNTESTED.
NOTINUSE
This assigns test result code NOTINUSE.
WARNING
This assigns test result code WARNING.
FIP
This assigns test result code FIP.
Note that there are two other test result codes which may
not be assigned directly within a test purpose.
The result code UNINITIATED will be assigned to a test
purpose from within the TET when the function
tet_delete() has been called in an earlier test
purpose or startup function. This is useful to prevent
initiation of later test purposes when it is not possible to
continue executing test purposes in the test set.
The result code NORESULT will be assigned to a test purpose
from within the TET if the test purpose is initiated but no
result code has been output by the time control returns from
the test purpose to the TET.
The FAIL macro also increments a failure counter which is
used to prevent a result code being assigned in a later call
to CHECKPASS (see below).
6.1.2 Result code functions
There are a series of convenience functions which output a
particular test result code preceded by a test information
message of type REPORT. (See "Outputting test
information messages", below).
In each case the arguments are exactly like those for
printf(3).
These are as follows:
untested()
This function may be used for an extended assertion to
output the test result code UNTESTED, preceded by a
message.
unsupported()
This function may be used for a conditional assertion to
output the test result code UNSUPPORTED, preceded by a
message.
notinuse()
This function may be used to output the test result code
NOTINUSE, preceded by a message.
delete()
This function may be used to output the test result code
UNRESOLVED, preceded by a message.
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6.1.3 Assigning result codes
The code should be structured such that a PASS result code
is only assigned if there is no doubt that the assertion
being tested has been determined to be positively true on
the system being tested. Absence of failure should not be
taken as proof of success. For this reason, there should if
possible be just one place where a PASS result may be
assigned, whilst there may be many code paths which report
other result codes.
The result code FAIL should not be called until the function
under test has been called.
During execution of the test purpose, it may not be possible
to setup the conditions for the assertion to be conclusively
tested. In this case the result code UNRESOLVED should be
assigned rather than FAIL.
For example:
               >>CODE
                    if (setup()) {
                         delete("setup() failed; the test could not be completed");
                         return;
                    }
                    ret = XCALL;
                    if (ret == 0)
                         PASS;
                    else
                         fAIL;
          6.1.4  Assigning result codes for extended assertions          Extended assertions are described in more detail as part  ofthe >>ASSERTION keyword.          In  some  cases  partial  testing  may  be done for extendedassertions. In this case, the result code would be  FAIL  ifan  error is detected, or UNTESTED if no failure is detectedbut the assertion is still not fully tested.          For example:
               >>CODE
                    ret = XCALL;
                    if (ret == 0)
                         PASS;
                    else
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| untested("The assertion could not be completely tested"); | 
Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
               >>CODE
                    n_ret = -1;
                    ret = XCALL;
                    if (ret == 0)
                         CHECK;
                    else
                         FAIL;
                    if (n_ret == expected_number)
                         CHECK;
                    else
                         FAIL;
                    CHECKPASS(2);
          In  the case of extended assertions, the macro CHECKUNTESTEDmay be called, which is identical to CHECKPASS, except  thatthe final result code assigned will be UNTESTED.          6.1.7  Outputting test information messages          Test  information  messages  are normally output to describethe reason for any test result codes which  are  other  thanPASS,  and for other purposes, as described in this section.          Appendix D of the "User Guide" describes the four  differentcategories  of test information messages which may appear inthe TET journal  file.  This  section  describes  how  thesemessages are output from the test purpose.          The  functions  described  in this section call the functiontet_infoline() which is part of the TET API.          REPORT                      A test information message with type  REPORT  isused  to  report  the reason for any test resultcode which is other than PASS. A warning messageis  printed  by  the report writer rpt if a testinformation message of type REPORT is given in atest  purpose  which produced a test result codePASS.                      This is  output  using  the  function  report(),which  takes  arguments  exactly  like those forprintf(3).          CHECK                      A  test  information  message  with  type  CHECKshould not be output directly - this should onlybe done via the CHECK macro.          TRACE                      A test information message with  type  TRACE  isused  to  describe  the  state of the test beingexecuted.
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This is not output to the TET journal file if the
execution configuration parameter XT_OPTION_NO_TRACE is set
to Yes.
This is output using the function trace(), which
takes arguments exactly like those for printf(3).
DEBUG
A test information message with type DEBUG is a debug
message inserted during the development of the test.
This is only output to the TET journal file if the value of
the execution configuration parameter XT_DEBUG is greater
than or equal to the level of the debug message.
This is output using the function debug(), which
takes arguments exactly like those for printf(3),
except that the printf(3) arguments are preceded by a
single argument which is the debug level. The debug level
should be between 1 and 3.
For example:
               >>CODE
                    debug(1, "about to call %s", TestName);
                    ret = XCALL;
                    if (ret == 0)
                         trace("%s returned %d", TestName, ret);
                         PASS;
                    } else {
                         report("%s returned %d instead of 0", TestName, ret);
                         FAIL;
                    }
          6.1.8  Creating new test purposes          You can create new test purposes within  an  existing  dot-mfile using the guidelines in this section.          It  is  expected  that  in  doing this you will be primarilyaiming to produce new test purposes for  a  particular  Xlibfunction.  You  should add the new test purpose to the dot-mfile containing the test purposes for that Xlib function.          6.1.8.1  Creating new sections in the dot-m file          You are advised to create an assertion section and  strategysection  at  the end of the file, using as a template one ofthe existing sections in the dot-m file.          You should then create a code section  commencing  with  the>>CODE  keyword.  Since  there  are many different styles ofXlib functions which may be tested, there are few additionalguidelines  that  can  be  given  beyond  those contained inearlier parts of this guide.
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6.1.8.2 Creating test purposes which use pixmap
verification
If you have not done so yet, refer to the section entitled
"Examining image files" in the "User
Guide". This explains some background to the pixmap
verification scheme, and in particular how to view image
files produced when running the X Test Suite.
A number of test purposes supplied in the X Test Suite use a
scheme known as pixmap verification, to compare the image
produced by the X server with a known good image which is
stored in a known good image file.
All the required known good image files for the test
programs in the X Test Suite (as supplied) have been created
in advance. The known good image files for each test program
are supplied in the X Test Suite in the test set directory
in which the dot-m file is supplied. They are named
annn.dat, where nnn is the number of the
test purpose for which the known good image file was
generated.
The known good image files are generated as follows. The X
Test Suite is compiled with the additional compilation flag
-DGENERATE_PIXMAPS, and linked with a replacement Xlib which
determines analytically the expected X server display
contents at any point. At the points where pixmap
verification is going to be performed, the expected image is
instead written to a data file, which is the known good
image file.
It is not possible to generate further known good image
files in this way, because the replacement Xlib is not part
of the X Test Suite.
However, it is possible to write a server-specific image
file containing the contents of the X server display at
points where pixmap verification is going to be performed.
This may be useful for the purposes of validation and
regression testing against a known server. This may be done
by working through the following stages:
1. Create the test purpose with a call to the macro PIXCHECK
at the point where you want to validate the image displayed
by the X server. Note that the macro PIXCHECK calls the
macros CHECK or FAIL depending on whether the image
displayed by the X server matches that in the image file.
The code invoked by the macro PIXCHECK(display, drawable) is
as follows:
                          if (verifyimage(display, drawable, (struct area *)0))
                               CHECK;
                          else
                               FAIL;
                The function verifyimage() is described in more detailin the section entitled "Source file libraries".            2.  Build and execute the  test  without  using  the  TCC,(refer  to  the "User Guide") and check that the newlycreated test purpose gives result code UNRESOLVED  dueto the absence of a known good image file as follows:
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
                     pmake
                     pt
                     prp
            3.  Rerun  the  test,  saving  the image produced by the Xserver as follows:
                     pt -v XT_SAVE_SERVER_IMAGE=Yes
            4.  This should create a file named annn.sav, where nnn isthe  name of the newly created test purpose. This is aserver-specific image file.  Rename this file  to  thename used for known good image files as follows:
                     mv annn.sav annn.dat
            5.  Check  that  the  process  has worked by executing thetest  without  using  the  TCC,  and  enabling  pixmapverification against the server-specific image file asfollows:
                     pt
                     prp
                The newly created test purpose should  give  a  resultcode of PASS.          It  is  particularly  important  that  new test purposes areadded at the end of the file  if  an  earlier  test  purposecalls  the macro PIXCHECK.  This is because inserting a testpurpose before another test purpose  will  cause  the  latertest   purpose   to   be  renumbered.  As  well  as  causingunnecessary confusion in other ways,  this  will  cause  thelater  test  purpose  to  now  look for the wrong known goodimage file.          6.2  Structure of the X Protocol tests          This section describes the structure of the code sections ofthe X Protocol tests.          The  X Protocol tests are the touch tests for the X Protocol(version 11).  They are  stored  in  subdirectories  of  thedirectory  XPROTO  (which  is  to  be found in the directory$TET_ROOT/xtest/tset).  There is a subdirectory for  each  XProtocol  request containing a dot-m file which includes allthe test purposes provided for that X Protocol request.  Thenaming  scheme  which  is  used  for  these  directories  isdescribed in appendix B of the "User Guide".          During the development of the  X Protocol  tests,  extensiveuse  has  also  been  made of a library of support functions
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developed in the earlier T7 X Test Suite. This
library is known as the "X Protocol library" in
this document, and the source of the library is in the
directory $TET_ROOT/xtest/src/libproto.
Calls to any function in this library may be made by any of
the X Protocol tests in the X Test Suite.
6.2.1 Structure of the code sections
In the T7 release of the X Test Suite, each of the X
Protocol tests consisted of a main() function which
called library functions to send an X Protocol request to
the X server, and checked for the correct response (reply,
error or nothing).
In the revised X Test Suite, the test code originally in the
main() function has been moved to a function called
tester() which is located in an >>EXTERN
section in each dot-m file, so that it can be called from
each test purpose as described below. The test function
tester() is in turn called from a library function
testfunc().
For example:
               >>CODE
                    test_type = GOOD;
                    /* Call a library function to exercise the test code */
                    testfunc(tester);
          By  default,  the library function testfunc() calls tester()for each byte orientation. The  test  function  tester()  iscalled in a sub-process via the TET API function tet_fork(),and  returns  the  exit  status  of  the  test  process   totestfunc().          If   required,   the   execution   configuration   parameterXT_DEBUG_BYTE_SEX may be set to NATIVE, REVERSE, MSB or  LSBto   call   tester()   just  once  with  the  required  byteorientation.          Each client has a test type, which is initialised  when  theclient  is  created.   The  test  type  determines whether XProtocol requests sent by the client are to be good requestsor  invalid  requests  (expecting  an X Protocol error to bereturned). The test type may be modified during the lifetimeof  the  client  by  invoking the macro Set_Test_Type().  Inmany tests, this is done by setting the test type to one  ofthe following values before calling Send_Req(), then settingit to GOOD immediately  afterwards  for  subsequent  librarycalls:          GOOD                      The request sent will be a known good X Protocolrequest (unless otherwise modified  in  tester()before calling Send_Req()).          BAD_LENGTH                      The  request  sent  will  have length field less
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
than the minimum needed to contain the
request.
JUST_TOO_LONG
The request sent will have length field greater than the
minimum needed to contain the request (and, for requests
where the length is used to determine the number of fields
in the request, the length is also not the minimum length
plus a multiple of the field size).
TOO_LONG
The request sent will have a length field which is greater
than that accepted by the X server under test.
BAD_IDCHOICE1
The request sent will have a resource ID that is already in
use (it is the responsibility of the function
tester() to ensure the resource ID is in use before
calling Send_Req()).
BAD_IDCHOICE2
The request sent will have a resource ID that is out of
range (it is the responsibility of the function
tester() to ensure the resource ID is out of range
before calling Send_Req()).
BAD_VALUE
The request sent will have an invalid mask bit set (it is
the responsibility of the function tester() to
ensure the mask field contains an invalid bit before calling
Send_Req()).
OPEN_DISPLAY
A special value used only in the test for OpenDisplay for
testing the connection setup protocol.
SETUP
The initial test type of a client, which will cause errors
during test setup to produce result code
UNRESOLVED rather than FAIL
.
6.2.2 Outputting test information and result
code
Errors may be detected and reported both within the test
function tester() and within library functions.
When an error is detected, the function Log_Err()
should be called. This increments an error count and uses
report() to output a test information message of
type REPORT to the TET journal file.
If no error is detected, the function Log_Trace() may be
called to record that the expected response was received.
This uses trace() to output a test information
message of type TRACE to the TET journal file.
You can also use the function Log_Debug() to output more
detailed test information such as the contents of request,
reply and event structures. This uses debug() to
output a test information message of type DEBUG at level one
to the TET journal file.
The function Exit() should be called at any point
after an error has occurred, which will assign a test result
code FAIL and print the error count (or UNRESOLVED if the
error counter is zero). The exit status will be EXIT_FAIL in
this case.
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If tester() performs all checks and the
results are correct, the function Exit_OK() should
be called. The exit status will be EXIT_SUCCESS in this
case.
A result code of PASS is only assigned to a test purpose in
the library function testfunc() if all calls to
tester() give exit status EXIT_SUCCESS. It should
not be assigned anywhere else.
6.2.3 Creating new test purposes
You can create new test purposes within an existing dot-m
file using the guidelines in this section.
It is expected that in doing this you will be primarily
aiming to produce new test purposes for a particular X
Protocol request. You should add the new test purpose to the
dot-m file containing the test purposes for that X Protocol
request.
6.2.3.1 Creating new sections in the dot-m
file
You are advised to create an assertion section and strategy
section at the end of the file, using as a template one of
the existing sections in the dot-m file.
You should then create a code section which passes a
function my_test() you are about to create to the
library function testfunc().
For example:
               >>CODE
                    test_type = GOOD;
                    /* Call a library function to exercise the test code */
                    testfunc(my_test);
          6.2.3.2  Creating a new test function          You  should  create  a  function  my_test()  in  an >>EXTERNsection in the dot-m  file  using  the  guidelines  in  thissection.          A client is a connection to the X server under test.  Each XProtocol request is sent from a particular client.  You  cancreate a client numbered client using Create_Client(client).Normally a single client is created, but it is  possible  tocreate  more  than  one  client. This will be necessary whentesting the effect on the server of multiple clients.          The client data structure Xst_clients is used to  store  theinformation   about  each  client  you  have  created.  Thisincludes resource ID’s and  a  display  structure  which  isfilled  in  when  the  client  is  created.  The client datastructure is documented in more detail in the header file inwhich it is defined ($TET_ROOT/xtest/include/Xstlib.h).          Next  you  will  need  to  create  a  request structure. Thefunction Make_Req(client,  req_type)  should  be  called  tocreate  a  request  of  a  specified  type  req_type  for  a
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
specified client client and return a
pointer to the request structure. The request structure will
be filled in with defaults which may be suitable for the
test purpose you are creating. The file MakeReq.c
in the X Protocol library fills in the default values.
Should you want to change the defaults you can do this at
any point between creating the request structure and sending
it to the X server. It may be modified by accessing the
structure members. The format of the request structures is
exactly as defined in your X Protocol header file (normally
/usr/include/X11/Xproto.h). You can alter value
list items using the following functions:
Add_Masked_Value()
Del_Masked_Value()
Clear_Masked_Value()
Add_Counted_Value()
Clear_Counted_Value()
Add_Counted_Bytes()
When you have the request structure you wish to pass to the
X server, call the function Send_Req(client). This
sends the request req from client client
to the X server, and handles byte swapping and request
packing as necessary. If you wish the X Protocol library to
further modify the request structure to send an invalid
protocol request, set the test type of the client before
calling Send_Req(client) using the macro
Set_Test_Type(client). The possible test types are
listed in the earlier section entitled "Structure of
the code sections".
To check that the X server has reacted correctly to the
request sent, you will need to call the function
Expect(). For convenience, a number of macros and
functions have been created to call Expect()
depending on the outcome you are expecting. These are as
follows:
Expect_Event(client, event_type)
This expects an event of type event_type to be sent
back from the X server to client client.
Expect_Reply(client, req_type)
This expects a reply to the X Protocol request of type
req_type to be sent back from the X server to
client client.
Expect_Error(client, error_type)
This expects an error of type error_type to be sent
back from the X server to client client.
Expect_BadLength(client)
This expects a BadLength error to be sent back from the X
server to client client.
Expect_BadIDChoice(client)
This expects a BadIDChoice error to be sent back from the X
server to client client.
Expect_Nothing(client)
This expects neither an error, event or reply to be sent
back from the X server to client client.
The Expect() function will check that the response
from the X server is of the correct type and has the correct
length. It will be byte swapped and unpacked as necessary
into an event or reply structure, to which a pointer will be
returned.
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It is recommended that one of these functions be
called immediately after sending an X Protocol request to
the X server. This causes any pending response from the X
server to be flushed out, and checked. This makes it easier
to locate wrong responses from the X server. This is
effectively designing the test to run synchronously.
Once an error, event or reply has been returned, it can be
examined directly.
Since the structures allocated for requests, replies and
events are allocated dynamically, it is wise to free the
structure after use. this may be done using the functions
Free_Req(), Free_Reply() and
Free_Event().
When the outcome of sending the X Protocol request has been
assessed, you will want to either report an error or output
a trace message indicating that the expected response was
received. Refer to the earlier section entitled
"Outputting test information and result code".
You should end the test purpose if every part of the test
purpose has succeeded by calling Exit_OK(). This
should only be done once, because it is the means of passing
back to the library function testfunc() the fact
that the test purpose passed. If at an earlier part of the
test purpose an error occurs and it is desired to exit, call
Exit().
6.2.3.3 Creating test purposes to test X Protocol
extensions
The nature of the extension mechanism in X makes it
difficult to just add support in the switch statements
throughout the X Protocol library to support protocol
extensions.
The reason for this is that you do not know the value of the
event types and reply types until you have queried the X
server.
For this reason, you are recommended to review the scope of
the work that would be required in modifying the supplied X
Protocol library before attempting to test X Protocol
extensions. You can use the supplied X Protocol library as a
framework, and develop new versions of routines which handle
events and replies.
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7. Source file libraries
This sections lists the contents of the principal libraries
of source files used by many tests in the X Test
Suite.
7.1 The X Test Suite library
A library of common subroutines for the X Test Suite has
source in $TET_ROOT/xtest/src/lib. This is built
automatically when building tests in the X Test Suite.
Should it be required to build it separately for any reason
run the command.
               cd $TET_ROOT/xtest/src/lib
               pmake install
          The list of source files  in  this  library,  with  a  briefdescription of the contents of each file, is as follows:          XTestExt.c                      If XTESTEXTENSION is defined, this file containsroutines to access the XTEST extension in  orderto simulate device events and obtain informationon the cursor attributes of windows.                      If XTESTEXTENSION is not defined, dummy routinesare used instead.                      If  XTESTEXTENSION  is  not defined, client-sidefunctions previously  in  file  XTestLib.c  (nowavailable  in  the  XTEST extension library) arestill included.  These  are  XTestDiscard()  (todiscard  current  request in request buffer) andXTestSetGContextOfGC()                       andXTestSetVisualIDOfVisual()  (to  set  values  inopaque Xlib data  structures).  These  functionsrequire  access  to  data  structures now in theinternal Xlib header file Xlibint.h.          badcmap.c                      Create an invalid colourmap  ID  by  creating  areadonly colourmap of the default visual type.          badfont.c                      Return  a bad font ID by loading a font and thenunloading it.          badgc.c                      Return a bad GC id on display disp by creating aGC and invalidating it using the XTEST extensionlibrary function XTestSetGContextOfGC.          badpixm.c                      Return a  bad  pixmap  id  on  display  disp  bycreating a pixmap and freeing it.          badvis.c                      Make  a  visual bad by using the XTEST extensionlibrary function XTestSetVisualIDOfVisual.          badwin.c                      Return a  bad  window  id  on  display  disp  bycreating a window and destroying it.
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
bitcount.c
Handle bits in words.
block.c
Check whether process blocks when testing event handling
functions.
buildtree.c
Build a tree of windows specified by a list which determines
position, size and parentage of each window.
checkarea.c
Check pixels inside and/or outside an area of a drawable are
set to given values.
checkevent.c
Check two arbitrary events to see if they match, report an
error if they don’t.
checkfont.c
Check returned font characteristics, properties, text
extents and widths against those expected in the supplied
test fonts.
checkgc.c
Check GC components against expected values.
checkimg.c
Check pixels inside and/or outside an area of an image are
set to given values.
checkpixel.c
Check specified pixels of a drawable are set to given
values.
checktile.c
Check that an area of a drawable is filled with a specified
tile.
config.c
Initialise the config structure by getting all the execution
parameters.
crechild.c
Create a mapped child window for a parent window, and wait
for the child window to become viewable.
cursor.c
Routines for accessing cursor information. This includes
convenience functions for checking the cursor defined for a
given window. These routines call those in XTestExt.c to use
the XTEST extension to access the cursor
information.
delete.c
Set the test result code for the current test purpose to
UNRESOLVED .
devcntl.c
Routines for input device control. This includes convenience
functions for pressing keys and buttons and remembering
those pressed. These routines call those in XTestExt.c to
use the XTEST extension to simulate the
required device events.
dset.c
Set every pixel in a drawable to a specified
value.
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dumpimage.c
Dump the contents of an image to a file.
environ.c
Contains a test suite specific version of putenv() (which
may not be available on POSIX.1 systems). This is required
to set up the environment before some calls to
tet_exec().
err.c
Test error handler (installed when calling the function
under test). Unexpected error handler (installed at all
other times). I/O error handler (installed at all times).
Obtain the error code and resource ID saved by the test
error handler.
events.c
Handle the serial fields of incoming requests.
ex_startup.c
Generic startup routines required before executing the first
test purpose and after executing the last test purpose. The
routines exec_startup() and exec_cleanup()
in this file should be called at the start and end of the
main() function of each program executed via the
TET function tet_exec().
exposechk.c
Check that either enough expose events were received to
restore the window, or that the window has been restored
from backing store.
extenavail.c
If XTESTEXTENSION is defined, the function
IsExtTestAvailable() returns True if the server extension
XTEST is available, otherwise it returns
False.
If XTESTEXTENSION is not defined, the
function IsExtTestAvailable() always returns False.
gcflush.c
Flush the GC cache.
gcinclude.c
Functions which are called from the code included to test
the correctness of use of GC components by the drawing
functions.
The only function included at present is
setfuncpixel(), which finds the first pixel set in
a drawable (this will vary depending on the drawing
function).
getevent.c
Check if there are events on the queue and if so return the
first one.
getsize.c
Get the size of a drawable. Just uses XGetGeometry but
avoids all the other information that you get with that.
gettime.c
Get the current server time. Use a property attached to the
root window of the display called
XT_TIMESTAMP and replace it with 42
(32-bits). The PropertyNotify event that is
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generated supplies the time stamp returned.
iponlywin.c
Create an input only window.
issuppvis.c
The function issuppvis() takes a visual class as
argument and returns true if such a class is supported by
the server under test. This function uses the
XGetVisualInfo() function rather than the user-supplied
XT_VISUAL_CLASSES parameter.
The function visualsupported() takes a mask
indicating a set of visuals, and returns a mask indicating
the subset that is supported. If the mask is 0L then the
mask shows all supported visuals.
The function resetsupvis() takes a mask indicating
a set of visuals. Subsequent calls to nextsupvis()
will return the next supported visual specified in the mask
and increment a counter. The function nsupvis()
returns this counter.
linkstart.c
Define global variables used by the TET which are required
when linking test programs to produce a space-saving
executable.
When the space-saving executable is executed, the TET
initialisation code in the library function
linkstart.c determines which test set is required.
This is done by matching argv[0] with the
name elements in the array of linkinfo
structures. The corresponding test functions specified by
the testlist element of the linkinfo
structure are then executed.
lookupname.c
Convert symbolic values from X Window System header files to
appropriate names.
makecolmap.c
Make a colourmap for the screen associated with the default
root window.
makecur.c
Create a cursor that can be used within the test suite. The
cursor is created using XCreateFontCursor. The shape chosen
can be controlled through the configuration variable
XT_FONTCURSOR_GOOD .
makegc.c
Make a GC suitable for use with the given drawable.
makeimg.c
Creates a general purpose image that can be used within the
test suite. The image is cleared to W_BG.
makepixm.c
Creates a general purpose pixmap that can be used within the
test suite. The pixmap is cleared to W_BG.
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makeregion.c
Creates a general purpose region that can be used within the
test suite.
makewin.c
Creates a general purpose windows that can be used within
the test suite.
makewin2.c
Creates windows corresponding to a particular area.
maxsize.c
Obtain the number of cells in a colourmap.
nextvclass.c
Functions to cycle through all the visual classes that are
supposed to supported by the display/screen that is being
tested. Note that these functions are only used in the tests
for XMatchVisualInfo and XGetVisualInfo.
The function initvclass() initialises the visual
class table. The visual classes that are supported are
supplied by the test suite user in the variable
XT_VISUAL_CLASSES , together with the depths
at which they are supported.
The function resetvclass() resets the visual class
table. Subsequent calls to nextvclass() obtain the
next visual class and depth. The function nvclass()
returns the size of the visual class table.
nextvinf.c
Functions to cycle through all the visuals that are
supported on the screen under test. These functions use the
XGetVisualInfo() function rather than the user-supplied
XT_VISUAL_CLASSES parameter. If the parameter
XT_DEBUG_VISUAL_IDS is set to a non-empty
string, only the visuals ID’s in the string are
used.
The function resetvinf() obtains a list of all
visuals supported for a particular screen. Subsequent calls
to nextvinf() obtain the next visual. The function
nvinf() returns the number of visuals.
nondpth1pix.c
Obtain a pixmap of depth other than 1 if such a pixmap is
supported.
notmember.c
Returns a list of numbers that are not members of given
list. (This is used to test assertions of the form
"When an argument is other than X or Y, then a BadValue
error occurs".
opendisp.c
Open a connection to the server under test.
openfonts.c
Open the xtest fonts, and place their ID’s in the
fonts array.
pattern.c
Draw a pattern consisting of vertical bands on the specified
drawable.
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pfcount.c
Functions which may take arguments which are set to the pass
and fail counters in test set code created by mc.
Calls to the pfcount functions are inserted in
order to use the counters at least once, and so prevent
lint reporting unwanted errors.
pointer.c
Routines to move the pointer, and determine if the pointer
has been moved.
regid.c
Routines are provided to register resources created during a
test purpose. Wherever possible, library functions register
resources, and test purposes may do so directly if desired.
Registered resources are then destroyed at the end of the
test purpose.
report.c
Reporting functions, which output test information messages
to the TET journal file. These all use the TET reporting
function tet_infoline().
rpt.c
Reporting functions, which output test information messages
to the TET journal file, and additionally assign a test
result code. These all use the TET reporting function
tet_infoline().
savimage.c
The function savimage() returns a pointer to a
saved image on a drawable using XGetImage.
The function compsavimage() checks that the image
currently on the drawable matches a saved image.
The function diffsavimage() checks that the image
currently on the drawable differs from a saved image.
These functions are used where the precise pixels drawn
cannot be determined in advance, but the test result may
still be infered by image comparisons.
setline.c
Convenience functions to set line width, cap style, line
style and join style in a GC, using
XChangeGC().
settimeout.c
The function settimeout() sets a timeout which
causes the process to exit after a timeout. This should be
done only in a child process of a test purpose created by
tet_fork().
The function cleartimeout() clears a previously set
timeout.
stackorder.c
The function stackorder() uses
XQueryTree() to determine the position of a window
in the stacking order.
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startcall.c
The function startcall() checks for any outstanding
unexpected X protocol errors, which might have been
generated, for example, during the setup part of the test. A
call to XSync() is made to achieve this.
The function startcall() installs a test error
handler in place of the unexpected X protocol error
handler.
The function endcall() checks for any X protocol
errors caused by the function under test. A call to
XSync() is made to achieve this.
The function endcall() installs the unexpected X
protocol error handler.
startup.c
Generic startup routines called by TET before executing the
first test purpose and after executing the last test
purpose.
tpstartup.c
Generic startup routines called by TET before executing each
test purpose and after executing each test purpose.
verimage.c
The function verifyimage() uses
XGetImage() to obtain the contents of the specified
drawable. This is then compared with the contents of a
"known good image file". If there is a
discrepancy, the image produced by the server is dumped to a
file using dumpimage() together with the known good
image. The image produced by the server and the known good
image may be examined as described in the section in the
"User Guide" entitled "Examining image
files".
If the execution configuration parameter
XT_DEBUG_NO_PIXCHECK is set to Yes,
the image checking is skipped in verifyimage().
If the execution configuration parameter
XT_SAVE_SERVER_IMAGE is set to Yes,
the image produced by the server is dumped to a file using
dumpimage() (regardless of whether it matches the
"known good image file").
For more background on pixmap verification see the earlier
section entitled "Creating test purposes which use
pixmap verification".
winh.c
Build a tree of windows to test event generation,
propogation and delivery.
xthost.c
Specifies operating system dependent data used by the access
control list functions. This includes arrays of
XHostAddress structures. These should be checked
and if necessary edited refering to the section in the
"User Guide" entitled "System dependent
source files".
xtestlib.h
This file contains definitions which are common to many of
the source files in the X Test Suite
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library, and it is included in those source
files.
xtlibproto.h
This file contains declarations and (if required by an
ANSI Standard-C compiler) function prototypes
for all the functions in the source files in the X Test
Suite library.
7.2 The X Protocol library
A library of common subroutines for the X Protocol tests in
the X Test Suite has source in
$TET_ROOT/xtest/src/libproto. This is built
automatically when building tests in the X Test Suite.
Should it be required to build it separately for any reason
run the command.
               cd $TET_ROOT/xtest/src/libproto
               pmake install
          The  list  of  source  files  in  this library, with a briefdescription of the contents of each file, is as follows:          ClientMng.c                      Having established a client connection to the  Xserver  using  the  functions  in  ConnectMng.c,allocate a client data structure and fill in itsdisplay structure.          ConnectMng.c                      Establish a client connection to the X server.          DataMove.c                      Convert   individual   fields  into  format  forsending to the X server.          DfltVals.c                      Obtain reasonable default values for contents ofrequest structures.          Expect.c                      Check  for  the expected response (error, event,reply, or nothing) from the X server.          JustALink.c                      This  file  is  a  link  to  one  of  the  filesXlibXtst.c,  XlibOpaque.c,  or XlibNoXtst.c. Thelink is created when the X Protocol  library  isbuilt,   and   the  file  used  depends  on  theconfiguration parameter XP_OPEN_DIS.          Log.c                      Log test results.          MakeReq.c                      Construct  a   request   structure   using   thefunctions  in  DfltVals.c,  which has reasonabledefault values so that  it  may  be  immediatelysent  to  the  X  server  using the functions inSendReq.c.          RcvErr.c          RcvEvt.c          RcvRep.c                      Unpack the  response  from  the  server  into  astructure  (RcvErr.c  for  errors,  RcvEvt.c for
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events, RcvRep.c for replies; these all use
DataMove.c to do the unpacking).
ResMng.c
Create a resource (e.g. atom, window) and store its resource
ID in the client data structure.
SendEvt.c
Pack an event structure into a request structure (only used
by SendEvent protocol request).
SendReq.c
Pack a request structure in correct format using the
functions in DataMove.c and send to the X server.
SendSup.c
Support routines for packing request structure.
ShowErr.c
ShowEvt.c
ShowRep.c
ShowReq.c
ShowSup.c
Display contents of structures in nice human-readable form
(ShowErr.c for errors, ShowEvt.c for events, ShowRep.c for
replies, and ShowReq.c for requests, all of which call
ShowSup.c support routines).
TestMng.c
Manage the setup and closedown of the tests. This file
includes definitions and initialisation of global variables
(including TET configuration variables) and assigning test
result codes.
TestSup.c
Support routines for handling mapping state and event masks
of windows.
Timer.c
Set up a timer that will execute a certain routine on
completion.
Utils.c
Utilities for isolating operating system dependencies.
Validate.c
Routines to check whether the server under test supports the
feature being tested (eg. writable colour cells).
ValListMng.c
Modify the value lists at the ends of request
structures.
XlibNoXtst.c
This file contains functions which emulate the post R5
enhanced connection setup scheme. A connection can be
established in client native or byte-swapped orientations,
and (when testing XOpenDisplay) both valid and invalid byte
orderings may be sent to the X server. The connection is
made using operating system specific procedures which were
developed in 4.2BSD environment, and may need modifications
to work on other systems.
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XlibOpaque.c
This file contains portable functions to handle connection
setup where the Xlib implementation does not support the
post R5 enhanced connection setup scheme. The Xlib functions
XOpenDisplay and ConnectionNumber are called here to obtain
a connection using the client native byte orientation, and
subsequent X Protocol requests are made using this
connection.
XlibXtst.c
This file contains portable functions to handle connection
setup where the Xlib implementation supports the post R5
enhanced connection setup scheme. The enhancement involves
using additional parameters to the Xlib function
_XConnectDisplay() which allow a byte swapped connection to
be established. Details of operating system specific
connection setup procedures including networking are thus
not needed in the X Protocol library.
XstIO.c
Routines to handle protocol packet transmission and
reception including fatal I/O errors.
delete.c
Set the test result code for the current test purpose to
UNRESOLVED.
linkstart.c
Define global variables used by the TET which are required
when linking test programs to produce a space-saving
executable.
When the space-saving executable is executed, the TET
initialisation code in the library function
linkstart.c determines which test set is required.
This is done by matching argv[0] with the
name elements in the array of linkinfo
structures. The corresponding test functions specified by
the testlist element of the linkinfo
structure are then executed.
startup.c
Generic startup routines called by TET before executing the
first test purpose.
tpstartup.c
Generic startup routines called by TET before executing each
test purpose.
DataMove.h
This file contains the macros for byte swapping and word
alignment.
XstlibInt.h
This file contains definitions which are common to many of
the source files in the X Protocol library, and it is
included in those source files.
XstosInt.h
This file contains definitions related to operating system
functions which are common to many of the source files in
the X Protocol library, and it is included in those
source
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files.
7.3 The X test fonts library
A library of common subroutines defining the characteristics
of the test fonts for the X Test Suite has source in
$TET_ROOT/xtest/fonts. This is built automatically
when building tests in the X Test Suite. Should it be
required to build it separately for any reason run the
command.
               cd $TET_ROOT/xtest/fonts
               pmake install
          The source files xtfont0.c to xtfont6.c contain  definitionsof  XFontStruct  structures  named  xtfont0 to xtfont6 whichdefine the characteristics of the test fonts used by many ofthe text drawing functions.
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8. Appendix A - reason codes for extended
assertions
The reason code is a number between 1 and 6 (currently) and
is used if and only if the category is B or D. This number
corresponds to a reason from the following table which is
coded into mc.
The text of the reason will be printed with a result code
UNTESTED if there is no >>CODE.
1 - "There is no known portable test method for this
assertion",
2 - "The statement in the X11 specification is not
specific enough to write a test",
3 - "There is no known reliable test method for this
assertion",
4 - "Testing the assertion would require setup
procedures that involve an unreasonable amount of effort by
the user of the test suite.",
5 - "Testing the assertion would require an
unreasonable amount of time or resources on most
systems",
6 - "Creating a test would require an unreasonable
amount of test development time."
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9. Appendix B - commands for fonts and symbols in
assertions
In the text of assertions there should be no in-line nroff
font changes. This is because the font names may need to be
changed on some systems.
As an alternative, a number of macros have been defined
which are understood by the utilities developed during stage
two of the project. The definition of these macros uses
appropriate fonts to correspond closely with those used by
the X Window System documentation.
1. Arguments to a function should be written:
.A window
2. Function names should be written:
.F XAllocColorCells
(When the special symbol xname is used it can be left as it
is, so the .F form only needs using when refering to some
other function. We have avoided cross references to other
functions where possible).
3. Structure members should be written:
.M override_redirect
4. Symbols should be written:
.S InputOutput
This is used for everything that is in the courier font in
the X Window System documentation and which is not a
function name or structure member. This includes the #define
constants in the headers and typedef’ed
names.
                     Eg.
                          BadColor
                          IsViewable
                          DirectColor
                          Visual
                          Display
                          MotionNotifyEvent
          Punctuation  separated by white space from the argument willbe in the original font, as in mm.          .A InputOutput ,          .A InputOnly .             —There is a .SM macro, as  in  mm.   Any  word  that  isuppercase  only should use it to obtain a reduced pointsize.               .SM DEBUG               .SM MIT
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10. Appendix C - Included error
assertions
The .ER keyword is described in the section entitled
"Included errors - .ER".
This appendix gives the names the files which are included
when this keyword is used with the supported arguments, and
shows the text of the assertions in those files.
All the files from which included tests are stored are
located in the directory
$TET_ROOT/xtest/lib/error.
The names of the files which are included, and the text of
the assertion contained in the file, are specified in the
following list:
Access grab
File included: EAcc1.mc
Assertion text:
                      When an attempt to grab  a  key/button  combination  already
                      grabbed  by  another  client is made, then a BadAccess error
                      occurs.
Access colormap-free
| File included: EAcc2.mc | 
|           When an attempt to free a colormap entry  not  allocated  by
          the client is made, then a BadAccess error occurs.
 | 
Access colormap-store
| File included: EAcc3.mc | 
|           When an attempt to store into a read-only or an  unallocated
          colormap entry is made, then a BadAccess error occurs.
 | 
Access acl
| File included: EAcc4.mc | 
|           When an attempt is made to modify the  access  control  list
          from  a  client that is not authorised in a server-dependent
          way to do so, then a BadAccess error occurs.
 | 
Access select
| File included: EAcc5.mc | 
|           When an attempt to select an event type is  made,  which  at
          most  one  client can select, and another client has already
          selected it then a BadAccess error occurs.
 | 
Alloc
| File included: EAll.mc | 
|           When the server fails to allocate a required resource,  then
          a BadAlloc error occurs.
 | 
Atom [ARG1] [ARG2] ...
| File included: EAto.mc | 
|           When an atom argument does not name a valid  Atom [, ARG1]  [or
          ARG2], then a BadAtom error occurs.
 | 
Color
| File included: ECol.mc | 
|           When a colourmap argument does not name a  valid  colourmap,
          then a BadColor error occurs.
 | 
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
Cursor [ARG1] [ARG2] ...
File included: ECur.mc
Assertion text:
|           When a cursor argument does not name a valid Cursor [, ARG1] [or
          ARG2], then a BadCursor error occurs.
 | 
Drawable [ARG1] [ARG2] ...
| File included: EDra.mc | 
|           When a drawable argument does not  name  a  valid  Drawable,
          [ARG1] [or ARG2], then a BadDrawable error occurs.
 | 
Font bad-font
| File included: EFon1.mc | 
|           When a font argument does not name  a  valid  font,  then  a
          BadFont error occurs.
 | 
Font bad-fontable
| File included: EFon2.mc | 
|           When the font argument does not name  a  valid  GContext  or
          font resource, then a BadFont error occurs.
 | 
GC
| File included: EGC.mc | 
|           When the GC argument does not name  a  defined  GC,  then  a
          BadGC error occurs.
 | 
Match inputonly
| File included: EMat1.mc | 
|           When a drawable argument  is  an  InputOnly  window  then  a
          BadMatch error occurs.
 | 
Match gc-drawable-depth
| File included: EMat2.mc | 
|           When the graphics context and the drawable do not  have  the
          same depth, then a BadMatch error occurs.
 | 
Match gc-drawable-screen
| File included: EMat3.mc | 
|           When the graphics context and the drawable were not  created
          for the same root, then a BadMatch error occurs.
 | 
Match wininputonly
| File included: EMat4.mc | 
|           When the window argument  is  an  InputOnly  window  then  a
          BadMatch error occurs.
 | 
Name font
| File included: ENam1.mc | 
|           When the specified font does not exist, then a BadName error
          occurs.
 | 
Name colour
| File included: ENam2.mc | 
|           When the specified colour does not  exist,  then  a  BadName
          error occurs.
 | 
Pixmap [ARG1] [ARG2] ...
| File included: EPix.mc | 
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Assertion text:
|                       When a pixmap argument does not name a valid Pixmap [, ARG1] [or
                      ARG2], then a BadPixmap error occurs.
 | 
Value ARG1 VAL1 [VAL2] ...
| File included: EVal.mc † | 
|           When the value of ARG1 is other than VAL1 [or  VAL2],  then  a
          BadValue error occurs.
 | 
| † - the assertion text is not in the included file, but is inserted directly by mc. | 
Value ARG1 mask VAL1 [VAL2] ...
| File included: EVal.mc † | 
|           When the value of ARG1 is not a bitwise combination of  VAL1
          [or VAL2], then a BadValue error occurs.
 | 
| † - the assertion text is not in the included file, but is inserted directly by mc. | 
Window [ARG1] [ARG2] ...
| File included: EWin.mc | 
|           When a window argument does not name a valid Window [, ARG1] [or
          ARG2], then a BadWindow error occurs.
 | 
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11. Appendix D - mc
utility
Usage
               mc [-a a_list] [-o <output-file>] [-l] [-m] [-s] [-p] [<input-file>]
          The mc utility outputs a  C  source  file  containing  testsspecified  in  the  input file <input-file>, which must be adot-m file which has the format  specified  in  the  sectionentitled "Source file syntax".          If  no  <input-file>  is  specified, the input is taken fromstandard input.  Multiple input files can  be  processed  bythe  utility,  but  the overall syntax must still conform tothat defined in the section entitled "Source  file  syntax".A  consequence  of  this  is that you cannot specify anothertitle section for a different function and expect to  outputtests  for  more  than one function simultaneously.  Limiteddiagnostics are given if the file does not have the requiredsyntax.  By  default,  the  C  source file is written to thestandard output stream.          More details of the formats of the C source  files  producedby  mc  are  given  in  the  section  entitled  "Source fileformats".          Options          -a a_list               This permits the specification of a list of  assertionsof  the  form  n1-m1,n2-m2,...  to be output. Test codewill only be output corresponding to the tests  in  thespecified ranges.          -o output-file               This sends the output to the file <output-file> insteadof the standard output stream.          -l               This option outputs a C source  file  containing  testswith modified startup code which allows the source codeto  be  compiled  and  linked   into   a   space-savingexecutable file. The format of these files is describedin the section entitled "C files for linked  executable- link.c".          -m               This  option  outputs  a C source file containing testsfor the macro version of the function specified in  thetitle  section  of  the dot-m file. The format of thesefiles is described in the section entitled "C files forstandalone executable in macro tests - MTest.c".               The  macro  name  is set to the <macroname> argument ofthe >>SET macro option - if there  is  no  >>SET  macrooption  in  the  file,  or  no  argument specified, thedefault  is  the  function  argument  in  the   >>TITLEkeyword, with the leading letter ‘X’ removed.          -s               This option outputs a test strategy from the dot-m fileas a C source code comment block between the  assertionand  the  code.  The  test strategy is derived from the
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corresponding strategy section in the dot-m
file.
-p
This causes additional output including indicators of line
number in the original dot-m file (where possible). This
means that any diagnostics produced by cc(1) or
lint(1) will refer to the line numbers in the
original dot-m file rather than the C source
file.
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12. Appendix E - mmkf
utility
Usage
               mmkf [-o <output-file>] [-s sections] [<input_file>]
          The mmkf utility outputs a  Makefile  corresponding  to  thespecified  input  file  <input-file>,  which must be a dot-mfile which has the format specified in the section  entitled"Source  file  syntax".   The  Makefile  can build all the Csource files that can be output by mc from  the  input  file<input-file>.          If  no  <input-file>  is  specified, the input is taken fromstandard input.  Multiple input files can  be  processed  bythe  utility,  but  the overall syntax must still conform tothat defined in the section entitled "Source  file  syntax".A  consequence  of  this  is that you cannot specify anothertitle section for a different function and expect to  outputMakefiles   for   more  than  one  function  simultaneously.Limited diagnostics are given if the file does not have  therequired  syntax. By default, the Makefile is written to thestandard output stream.          More details of the formats of  the  Makefiles  produced  bymmkf are given in the sub-section entitled "Makefile" in thesection entitled "Source file formats".          Options          -o output-file               This sends the output to the file <output-file> insteadof the standard output stream.          -s sections               This option enables output of certain optional sectionsof the  Makefile.  By  default,  output  of  all  thesesections  is enabled. There is no reason why you shouldneed to use this option with the current version of theX Test Suite.               The  sections  argument is a character string which maycontain the key letters  l,  L,  m  and  p.   If  thesecharacters  are included, the specified sections of theMakefile are then output.
                Key      Optional
                letter   section
                l        Targets for linked executable
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L Targets for libraries
m Targets for linting and cleaning
p Targets for building known good image
files
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13. Appendix F - ma
utility
Usage
               ma [-a a_list] [-o <output-file>] [-h] [-s] [-p] [-m] [<input-file>]
          The  ma  utility  outputs  a  file  containing  a  list   ofassertions  in  nroff(1)  format  (requiring no macros otherthan those supplied in file  maheader.mc).   The  assertionsare  specified in the input file <input-file>, which must bea dot-m file which has the format specified in  the  sectionentitled "Source file syntax".          If  no  <input-file>  is  specified, the input is taken fromstandard input.  Multiple input files can  be  processed  bythe  utility,  but  the overall syntax must still conform tothat defined in the section entitled "Source  file  syntax".A  consequence  of  this  is that you cannot specify anothertitle section for a different function and expect to  outputassertions   for  more  than  one  function  simultaneously.Limited diagnostics are given if the file does not have  therequired  syntax.  By default, the assertion list is writtento the standard output stream.          More details of the format of the assertion list produced byma   are  given  in  the  sub-section  entitled  "Formattingassertions" in the section entitled "Source file formats".          Options          -a a_list               This permits the specification of a list of  assertionsof  the  form n1-m1,n2-m2,...  to be output. Assertionswill only be output corresponding to the tests  in  thespecified ranges.          -o output-file               This sends the output to the file <output-file> insteadof the standard output stream.          -h               The macros required for formatting the  assertions  areincluded  at  the start of the output stream. These arecopied from the file maheader.mc.               By default, the macros are not  copied  to  the  outputstream.          -s               If  this  option  is  specified,  and  the -h option isspecified, the line
                    .so head.t
               will be output at the start of the output stream.               This option is not intended for general use  -  it  wasused  when  distributing assertions in compact form forexternal review.          -p               The macros .NS and .NE will be output before and  after
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Programmers Guide for the X Test Suite
each line in the dot-m file which is a comment
(commencing with >>#). By default, dot-m file comments
are not output. The macros .NS and .NE are
defined in maheader.mc; they cause the dot-m file
comment lines to be printed in italic font by
nroff(1).
This option is not intended for general use - it was used
when reviewing assertions before delivery.
-m
This option outputs assertions for the macro version of the
function specified in the title section of the dot-m
file.
The macro name is set to the <macroname>
argument of the >>SET macro option - if there is no
>>SET macro option in the file, or no argument
specified, the default is the function argument in
the >>TITLE keyword, with the leading letter
‘X’ removed.
CONTENTS
1.
Introduction
...................................... 1
2.
Purpose of this guide
............................. 1
3.
Contents of this guide
............................ 1
| 3.1 | 
4.
Source file syntax
................................ 3
| 4.1 | 
| 4.2 | 
| 4.3 | 
| 4.4 | 
| 4.5 | 
| 4.6 | 
| 4.7 | 
| 4.8 | 
| 4.9 | 
| 4.10 | 
| 4.11 | 
5.
Source file formats
.............................. 13
| 5.1 | 
| 5.2 | 
| 5.3 | 
| 5.4 | 
| 5.5 | 
| 5.6 | 
6.
Source file structure
............................ 32
| 6.1 | 
| 6.2 | 
7.
Source file libraries
............................ 45
| 7.1 | 
| 7.2 | 
| 7.3 | 
8.
Appendix A - reason codes for extended assertions
....................................... 56
9.
Appendix B - commands for fonts and symbols in
assertions
....................................... 57
10.
Appendix C - Included error assertions
........... 58
11.
Appendix D - mc utility
.......................... 61
12.
Appendix E - mmkf utility
........................ 63
13.
Appendix F - ma utility
.......................... 65
i